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in the ambition of the famous Hildebrand who succeeded [[underline]] Alexander II [[/underline]] in the papal chair under the name of [[underline]] Gregory VII. [[/underline]] -- he excommunicated Henry made him do penance, & superstition had so degraded even the mind of that great prince that he knelt a suppliant penitent before the haughty prelate, was pardoned by making humiliating concessions. which a short time after did not satisfy Gregory who pronounced another anathema's against him, crowned Rodolph Duke of Suabia, declared Henry incapable of wearing the crown; roused by repeated provocation, the dormant spirit of the Emperor revived, he assembled some troops, fought Rodolph near Mersburg, (where the famous Godfrey of Bouillon then in the service of Henry, & afterwards renowned for the conquest of Jerusalem) by cutting off his hand put an end to his existence. Delivered of this rival Henry might have hoped for a tranquillity which he did not long enjoy, Gregory renewed the disturbances in Italy the Emperor went to Rome, the pope took refuge in the Castle of St. Angelo, [[underline]] Guibert Archbishop of Ravenna [[/underline]] was made pope under the name of [[underline]] Clement III [[/underline]]


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