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1208. Otho of Brunswick was reelected Emperor on the death of Philip, & by concessions which he made to the Holy See, procured himself to be crowned by Innocent 3d/. But his conduct soon proved that he had only temporized, for he claimed all rights formerly possessed by the Emperors, & seized on Apulia, he was excommunicated, & Frederick 2d/ King of the Romans, of Sicily, & Naples, elected Emperor in his stead in 1212. Otho was obliged to submit, but to be revenged, he joined with the Count of Flanders, in attacking Philip Augustus King of France, (the Ally of Frederick) they were defeated at Bouvines. He then retired to Brunswick where he died in 1216, but his reign ended in 1212.
